(private, noncommercial flying of aircraft)

https://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0700/chapter_0160/part_0030/sections_index.html

See: TITLE 70 CHAPTER 16 PART 3 SECTIONS 301 AND 302

MCA 70-16-301. RECREATIONAL PURPOSE DEFINED

"Recreational purposes", as used in this part, includes hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, waterskiing, camping, picnicking, pleasure driving, biking, winter sports, hiking, touring or viewing cultural and historical sites and monuments, spelunking, or other pleasure expeditions. The term includes the private, noncommercial flying of aircraft in relation to private land.

MCA 70-16-302  RESTRICTIONS ON LIABILITY OF LANDOWNER   

Restriction on liability of landowner -- definitions. (1) A person who uses property, including property owned or leased by a public entity, for recreational purposes, with or without permission, does so without any assurance from the landowner that the property is safe for any purpose if the person does not give a valuable consideration to the landowner in exchange for the recreational use of the property. The landowner owes the person no duty of care with respect to the condition of the property, except that the landowner is liable to the person for any injury to person or property for an act or omission that constitutes willful or wanton misconduct. For purposes of this section, valuable consideration does not include the state land recreational use license fee imposed under 77-1-802 or other funds provided under 77-1-815.

 (2) As used in this part, the following definitions apply:

          (a) (i) "Airstrip" means either improved or unimproved landing areas on private land used by pilots to land, park, take off, unload, load, and taxi aircraft.

          (a) (ii) The term does not include municipal airports governed under Title 67, chapter 10, part 1. 

          (b) "Flying of aircraft" means the operation of aircraft, including but not limited to landing, parking, taking off, unloading, loading, and taxiing of aircraft at an airstrip. 

http://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=37-729

NEBRASKA REVISED STATUTES

CHAPTER 37

SECTION 37-729 through SECTION 37-736

§ 37-729. Terms, defined.

For purposes of sections 37-729 to 37-736:

3) Recreational purposes includes, but is not limited to, any one or any combination of the following: Hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, nature study, waterskiing, winter sports, and visiting, viewing, or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites, or otherwise using land for purposes of the user;

§ 37-730. Limitation of liability; purpose of sections.
The purpose of sections 37-729 to 37-736 is to encourage owners of land to make available to the public land and water areas for recreational purposes by limiting their liability toward persons entering thereon and toward persons who may be injured or otherwise damaged by the acts or omissions of persons entering thereon.

§37-731. Landowner; duty of care.

Subject to section 37-734, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for recreational purposes or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on such premises to persons entering for such purposes.

§37-732. Landowner; invitee; permittee; liability; limitation.

Subject to section 37-734, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use such property for recreational purposes does not thereby (1) extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose, (2) confer upon such persons the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed, or (3) assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by an act or omission of such persons.

§37-734. Landowner; liability.

Nothing in sections 37-729 to 37-736 limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists (1) for willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity or (2) for injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the person or persons who enter or go on the land.

§37-735. Sections, how construed.

Nothing in sections 37-729 to 37-736 creates a duty of care or ground of liability for injury to person or property.

http://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/NRS/NRS-041.html#NRS041Sec510

NEVADA REVISED STATUTES 

CHAPTER 41 ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS IN PARTICULAR…

LIABILITY OF OWNERS, LESSEES AND OCCUPANTS OF PREMISES TO PERSONS USING PREMISES FOR RECREATIONAL PURPOSES

NRS 41.510  Limitation of liability; exceptions for malicious acts if consideration is given or other duty exists.

1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, an owner of any estate or interest in any premises, or a lessee or an occupant of any premises, owes no duty to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for participating in any recreational activity, or to give warning of any hazardous condition, activity or use of any structure on the premises to persons entering for those purposes.

2.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, if an owner, lessee or occupant of premises gives permission to another person to participate in recreational activities upon those premises:

     (a) The owner, lessee or occupant does not thereby extend any assurance that the premises are safe for that purpose or assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by any act of persons to whom the permission is granted.

     (b) That person does not thereby acquire any property rights in or rights of easement to the premises

3.  This section does not:

     (a) Limit the liability which would otherwise exist for:

          (1) Willful or malicious failure to guard, or to warn against, a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity.

          (2) Injury suffered in any case where permission to participate in recreational activities was granted for a consideration other than the consideration, if any, paid to the landowner by the State or any subdivision thereof. For the purposes of this subparagraph, the price paid for a game tag sold pursuant to NRS 502.145 by an owner, lessee or manager of the premises shall not be deemed consideration given for permission to hunt on the premises.

          (3) Injury caused by acts of persons to whom permission to participate in recreational activities was granted, to other persons as to whom the person granting permission, or the owner, lessee or occupant of the premises, owed a duty to keep the premises safe or to warn of danger.

     (b) Create a duty of care or ground of liability for injury to person or property.

4.  As used in this section, “recreational activity” includes, but is not limited to:

(a) Hunting, fishing or trapping;      

(b) Camping, hiking or picnicking;   

(c) Sightseeing or viewing or enjoying archaeological, scenic, natural or scientific sites;

(d) Hang gliding or paragliding;

(e) Spelunking;      

(f) Collecting rocks;

(g) Participation in winter sports, including cross-country skiing, snowshoeing or riding a snowmobile, or water sports;    

(h) Riding animals, riding in vehicles or riding a road or mountain bicycle;     

(i) Studying nature;     

(j) Gleaning;     

(k) Recreational gardening; and      

(l) Crossing over to public land or land dedicated for public use.

(private non-commercial air navigation facilities)

http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/xxxix/422/422-mrg.htm

NEW HAMPSHIRE REVISED STATUTES.
TITLE XXXIX AERONAUTICS CHAPTER 422 NEW HAMPSHIRE AERONAUTICS ACT

422:12 Private Ownership Liability Exemption. –

An owner, lessee, or occupant of premises on which private noncommercial air navigation facilities are located owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for public use by others or to give any warning to willful users of the premises of hazardous conditions. An owner, lessee, or occupant of premises on which private non-commercial air navigation facilities are located who gives permission to another to use the facilities does not thereby: 

I. Extend any assurance that the premises are safe; or
II. Constitute the person to whom permission has been granted the legal status of an invitee to whom a duty of care is owed;
III. Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by any act of the person to whom the permission has been granted.

https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=templates&fn=default.htm&vid=Publish:10.1048/Enu

NEW JERSEY STATUTES ANNOTATED

TITLE 2A

N.J.S.A. 2A:42A-2 through 2A:42A-8

2A:42A 2. SPORT AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITES; DEFINITIONS

1.   As used in P.L.1968, c.73 (C.2A:42A-2 et seq.):
"Sport and recreational activities" means and includes:  hunting; fishing; trapping; horseback riding; training of dogs; hiking; camping; picnicking; swimming; skating; skiing; sledding; tobogganing; operating or riding snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles or dirt bikes; and any other outdoor sport, game and recreational activity including practice and instruction in any of these activities.

2A:42A-3.    No duty to keep premises safe 

2.  Except as provided in section 3 of this act:
     a.  An owner, lessee or occupant of premises, whether or not posted as provided in section 23:7-7 of the Revised Statutes, and whether or not improved or maintained in a natural condition, or used as part of a commercial enterprise, owes no duty to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for sport and recreational activities, or to give warning of any hazardous condition of the land or in connection with the use of any structure or by reason of any activity on such premises to persons entering for such purposes;
b.  An owner, lessee or occupant of premises who gives permission to another to enter upon such premises for a sport or recreational activity or purpose does not thereby (1) extend any assurance that the premises are safe for such purpose, or (2) constitute the person to whom permission is granted an invitee to whom a duty of care is owed, or (3) assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by any act of persons to whom the permission is granted. 

2A :42A-5.1.  Liberal construction 

3.  The provisions of P.L.1968, c.73 (C.2A:42A-2 et seq.) shall be liberally construed to serve as an inducement to the owners, lessees and occupants of property, that might otherwise be reluctant to do so for fear of liability, to permit persons to come onto their property for sport and recreational activities. 

(operate aircraft)

https://law.justia.com/codes/new-mexico/2019/chapter-17/

CHAPTER 17 – GAME AND FISH AND OUTDOOR RECREATION

ARTICLE 4 – PROPAGATION OF FISH AND GAME SECTION 7

17-4-7 Liability of landowner permitting persons to hunt, fish or use lands for recreation; duty of care; exceptions.  

A.   Any owner, lessee or person in control of lands who, without charge or other consideration, other than a consideration paid to the landowner by the state, the federal government or any other governmental agency, grants permission to any person or group to use the owner's, lessee's or land controller's lands for the purpose of hunting, fishing, trapping, camping, hiking, sightseeing, the operation of aircraft, cave exploring or any other recreational use does not thereby: 

    (1)   extend any assurance that the premises are safe for such purpose; 

    (2)   assume any duty of care to keep such lands safe for entry or use; 

    (3)   assume responsibility or liability for any injury or damage to or caused by such person or group; or 

    (4)   assume any greater responsibility, duty of care or liability to such person or group than if permission had not been granted and the person or group were trespassers. 

B.   This section shall not limit the liability of any landowner, lessee or person in control of lands that may otherwise exist by law for injuries to any person granted permission to hunt, fish, trap, camp, hike, sight see, operate aircraft, explore caves or use the land for recreation in exchange for a consideration, other than a consideration paid to the landowner by the state, the federal government or any other governmental agency. 

http://public.leginfo.state.ny.us/lawssrch.cgi?NVLWO:

NEW YORK CONSOLIDATED LAWS
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW 

ARTICLE 9 Obligations of Care 

TITLE 1 Conditions on Real Property

General Obligations Law § 9-103

§ 9-103. No duty to keep premises safe for certain uses;

a. an owner, lessee or occupant of premises, whether or not posted as provided in section 11-2111 of the environmental conservation law, owes no duty to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for hunting, fishing, organized gleaning as defined in section seventy-one-y of the agriculture and markets law, canoeing, boating, trapping, hiking, cross-country skiing, tobogganing, sledding, speleological activities, horseback riding, bicycle riding, hang gliding, motorized vehicle operation for recreational purposes, snowmobile operation, cutting or gathering of wood for non-commercial purposes or training of dogs, or to give warning of any hazardous condition or use of or structure or activity on such premises to persons entering for such purposes;

http://www.ncleg.net/gascripts/statutes/statutelookup.pl?statute=38A

N.C.G.S.A. CHAPTER 38A
CHAPTER 38A. LANDOWNER LIABILITY

§ 38A-1. Purpose. The purpose of this Chapter is to encourage owners of land to make land and water areas available to the public at no cost for educational and recreational purposes by limiting the liability of the owner to persons entering the land for those purposes.

§ 38A-2. Definitions. The following definitions shall apply throughout this Chapter, unless otherwise specified:

(3) "Land" means real property, land, and water, but does not mean a dwelling and the property immediately adjacent to and surrounding such dwelling that is generally used for activities associated with occupancy of the dwelling as a living space.

(5) "Recreational purpose" means any activity undertaken for recreation, exercise, education, relaxation, refreshment, diversion, or pleasure or sport, including equestrian recreation as defined in G.S. 99E-1.

§ 38A-3. Exclusions.

(a) Except as specifically recognized by or provided for in this Chapter, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use such land for educational or recreational purposes owes the person the same duty of care that he owes a trespasser, except nothing in this Chapter shall be construed to limit or nullify the doctrine of attractive nuisance and the owner shall inform direct invitees of artificial or unusual hazards of which the owner has actual knowledge. This section does not apply to an owner who invites or permits any person to use land for a purpose for which the land is regularly used and for which a price or fee is usually charged even if it is not charged in that instance, or to an owner whose purpose in extending an invitation or granting permission is to promote a commercial enterprise. (b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to conflict with or render ineffectual a liability release, indemnification, assumption, or acknowledgment of risk agreement between the landowner and a person who uses the land for educational or recreational purposes.

http://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t53c08.pdf?20150923200714

NDCC, CHAPTER 53 SECTION 08

§ 53-08-01 Definitions.
5. "Recreational purposes" includes any activity engaged in for the purpose of exercise, relaxation, pleasure, or education.

53-08-02. Duty of care of owner.

1. Subject to the provisions of section 53-08-05, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for recreational purposes, regardless of the location and nature of the recreational purposes and whether the entry or use by others is for their own recreational purposes or is directly derived from the recreational purposes of other persons, or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on such premises to persons entering for such purposes.

2. This section does not apply to:

     a. A person that enters land to provide goods or services at the request of, and at the direction or under the control of, an owner; or

     b. An owner engaged in a for-profit business venture that directly or indirectly invites members of the public onto the premises for commercial purposes or during normal periods of commercial activity in which members of the public are invited.

53-08-03. Not invitee or licensee of landowner.

Subject to the provisions of section 53-08-05, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use such property for recreational purposes does not thereby:

1. Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose;

2. Confer upon such persons, or any other person whose presence on the premises is directly derived from those recreational purposes, the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed other than a person that enters land to provide goods or services at the request of, and at the direction or under the control of, the owner; or

3. Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by an act or omission of such persons.

53-08-05. Failure to warn against dangerous conditions - Charge to enter.

This chapter does not limit in any way any liability that otherwise exists for:

1. Willful and malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity; or

2. Injury suffered in any case in which the owner of land:

     a. Charges the person for entry onto the land other than the amount, if any, paid to the owner of the land by the state; and

     b. The total charges collected by the owner in the previous calendar year for all recreational use of land under the control of the owner are more than:

          (1) Twice the total amount of property taxes imposed on the land for the previous calendar year; or

          (2) In the case of agricultural land, four times the total amount of property taxes imposed on the land for the previous calendar year.

53-08-06. Duty of care or liability for injury.

Nothing in this chapter may be construed as creating a duty of care or grounds of liability for injury to person or property. Nothing herein limits in any way the obligation of a person entering upon or using the land of another for recreational purposes to exercise due care in that person's use of such land and in that person's activities thereon.

http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/1533

TITLE 15

SECTIONS 1533.18 and 1533.181 of the Revised Code:

1533.18 (B) "Recreational user" means a person to whom permission has been granted, without the payment of a fee or consideration to the owner, lessee, or occupant of premises, other than a fee or consideration paid to the state or any agency of the state, or a lease payment or fee paid to the owner of privately owned lands, to enter upon premises to hunt, fish, trap, camp, hike, or swim, or to operate a snowmobile, all-purpose vehicle, or four-wheel drive motor vehicle, or to engage in other recreational pursuits.

1533.181 Immunity.

(A) No owner, lessee, or occupant of premises:

     (1) Owes any duty to a recreational user to keep the premises safe for entry or use;

     (2) Extends any assurance to a recreational user, through the act of giving permission, that the premises are safe for entry or use;

     (3) Assumes responsibility for or incurs liability for any injury to person or property caused by any act of a recreational user.

(B) Division (A) of this section applies to the owner, lessee, or occupant of privately owned, nonresidential premises, whether or not the premises are kept open for public use and whether or not the owner, lessee, or occupant denies entry to certain individuals.

(aviation at non-public-use airports)

http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=440637

TITLE 76 SECTION § 10.1

A.   

     1. The purpose of this section is to encourage landowners to make land available to the public for outdoor recreational purposes by limiting their liability to persons entering upon and using such land and to third persons who may be damaged by the acts or omissions of persons going upon these lands.

     2. As used in this section:

          a. "land" means real property, roads, water, watercourses, private ways, buildings, structures, and machinery or equipment when attached to realty,

          b. "outdoor recreational purposes" includes any of the following, or any combination thereof: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, jogging, cycling, other sporting events and activities, nature study, water skiing, jet skiing, winter sports, viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites, and aviation at non-public-use airports,

B.  An owner who provides the public with land for outdoor recreational purposes owes no duty of care to keep the land safe for entry or use by others, or to give warning to persons entering or using the land of any hazardous conditions, structures, or activities.

C. 

     1. Except as otherwise provided by this section, an owner who provides the public with land for outdoor recreational purposes shall not:

          a. be presumed to extend any assurance that the land is safe for any purpose,

          b. incur any duty of care toward a person who enters or uses the land, or

          c. assume any liability or responsibility for any injury to persons or property caused by the act or omission of a person who enters or uses the land.

     2. This subsection applies whether the person entering or using the land is an invitee, licensee, trespasser, or otherwise.

D. This section shall not apply if:

     1. Any charge is made or is usually made for entering or using any part of the land; or

     2. Any commercial or other activity for profit directly related to the use is conducted on any part of the land.

F. 

     1. Except as provided in this section, no person is relieved of liability which would exist for want of ordinary care or for deliberate, willful, or malicious injury to persons or property. The provisions shall not create or increase the liability of any person.

     2. This section shall not relieve any owner of any liability for the operation and maintenance of structures affixed to real property by the owner for use by the general public.

G. By entering or using land, no person shall be deemed to be acting as an employee or agent of the owner whether the entry or use is with or without the knowledge or consent of the owner.

H. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any land that is used primarily for farming or ranching activities or to roads, water, watercourses, private ways, buildings, structures, and machinery or equipment when attached to realty which is used primarily for farming or ranching activities.

(aviation activity)

https://www.oregonlaws.org/ors/30.772

OREGON REVISED STATUTES

RS 30.772

Liability of landowner arising out of aviation activity.

(1) As used in this section:

     (a) “Airstrip” means land that contains a runway or heliport operated and maintained for the takeoff and landing of motorized aircraft and that is registered with the Oregon Department of Aviation or the Federal Aviation Administration at the time of the flight at issue.

     (b) ”Aviation activity” includes but is not limited to hang gliding, parachuting, paragliding and operating airplanes or ultralight aircraft.

     (c) ”Charge” has the meaning given that term in ORS 105.672 (Definitions for ORS 105.672 to 105.696).

     (d) “Land” has the meaning given that term in ORS 105.672 (Definitions for ORS 105.672 to 105.696).

     (e) “Nonpublic airstrip” means an airstrip that is registered as a private use airport with the Oregon Department of Aviation or the Federal Aviation Administration at the time of the flight at issue.

     (f) “Owner” has the meaning given that term in ORS 105.672 (Definitions for ORS 105.672 to 105.696).

     (g) “Public airstrip” means an airstrip that is not a nonpublic airstrip.

(2) An owner of land is not liable for any personal injury, death or property damage arising from the use of land for purposes of aviation activity, unless the owner intentionally causes the injury, death or property damage.

(3) Subsection (2) of this section does not apply to any of the following:

     (a) An owner of a public airstrip.

     (b) An owner of a nonpublic airstrip if:

          (A) The owner is contacted by the operator of a motorized aircraft prior to the beginning of the aircraft’s flight;

          (B) The owner provides permission to the operator to use the owner’s land for activities related to the aircraft’s flight; and

          (C) Gross negligence of the owner causes injury, death or property damage related to the aircraft’s flight.

     (c) An owner of land who imposes a charge for the use of the land for aviation purposes.

(recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultralight operations on private airstrips)

https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/li/uconsCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&yr=2018&sessInd=0&act=0098.&chpt=000.&subchpt=000.&sctn=001.&subsctn=000.

Pennsylvania Assembly, UNCONSOLIDATED STATUTES, 2018 Act 98

Section 1.  Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 of the act of February 2, 1966 (1965 P.L.1860, No.586), entitled "An act encouraging landowners to make land and water areas available to the public for recreational purposes by limiting liability in connection therewith, and repealing certain acts," are amended to read:

Section 1.  The purpose of this act is to encourage owners of land to make land and water areas available to the public for recreational purposes by limiting their liability to:

     (1)  recreational users; and

     (2)  persons or property based on:

          (i)  acts of omission by landowners; or

          (ii)  acts or acts of omission by recreational users.

Section 2.  As used in this act:

     (1)  "Land" means land, roads, water, watercourses, private ways and buildings, amenities, structures, boating access and launch ramps, bridges, fishing piers, boat docks, ramps, paths, paved or unpaved trails, hunting blinds and machinery or equipment when attached to the realty. The term shall also include areas providing access to, or parking for, lands and waters, including, but not limited to, access ramps, trails or piers for use by recreational users with disabilities.

     (2)  "Owner" means the possessor of a fee interest, a tenant, lessee, occupant or person in control of the premises.

     (3)  "Recreational purpose" means any activity undertaken or viewed for exercise, sport, education, recreation, relaxation or pleasure and includes, but is not limited to, any of the following, or any combination thereof: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultralight operations on private airstrips, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, snowmobiling, all-terrain vehicle and motorcycle riding, nature study, water skiing, water sports, cave exploration and viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites.

     (4)  "Charge" means the admission price or fee asked in return for invitation or permission to enter or go upon the land. The term does not include voluntary contributions, in-kind contributions or contributions made to an owner of real property that are not retained by the owner of the real property and are used by the owner of the real property exclusively for one or more of the following purposes:

          (i)  conserving or maintaining the land;

          (ii)  paying taxes on the real property; or

          (iii)  paying for liability insurance on the real property.

     (5)  "Recreational user" means a person who enters or uses land for a recreational purpose.

Section 3.  Except as specifically recognized or provided in section 6 of this act, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by [others for recreational purposes] recreational users, or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on such premises to [persons entering for such purposes] recreational users.

Section 4.  Except as specifically recognized by or provided in section 6 of this act, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any [person] recreational user to use such property [for recreational purposes] does not thereby:

     (1)  Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose.

     (2)  Confer upon such [person] recreational user the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed.

     (3)  Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to persons or property caused by an act of omission of [such persons] a recreational user or landowner.

     (4)  Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to persons or property, wherever such persons or property are located, caused while hunting as defined in 34 Pa.C.S. § 102 (relating to definitions).

Section 6.  Nothing in this act limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists:

     (1)  For wilful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity.

     (2)  For injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the [person or persons] recreational user or users who enter or go on the land [for the recreational use thereof], except that in the case of land leased to the State or a subdivision thereof, any consideration received by the owner for such lease shall not be deemed a charge within the meaning of its section.

Section 7.  Nothing in this act shall be construed to:

     (1)  Create a duty of care or ground of liability for injury to persons or property.

     (2)  Relieve any [person using the land of another for recreational purposes] recreational user from any obligation which he may have in the absence of this act to exercise care in his use of such land and in his activities thereon, or from the legal consequences of failure to employ such care.

http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/statutes/title32/32-6/32-6-2.HTM

TITLE 32 PARKS AND RECREATIONAL AREAS

CHAPTER 32-6 PUBLIC USE OF PRIVATE LANDS-LIABILITY LIMITATIONS

§ 32-6-1  Purpose of chapter. – The purpose of this chapter is to encourage owners of land to make land and water areas available to the public for recreational purposes by limiting their liability to persons entering thereon for those purposes. 

 § 32-6-2  Definitions. – As used in this chapter:

(4) "Recreational purposes" includes, but is not limited to, any of the following, or any combination thereof: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, horseback riding, bicycling, pleasure driving, nature study, water skiing, water sports, viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites, and all other recreational purposes contemplated by this chapter; and

(5) "User" means any person using land for recreational purposes. 

§ 32-6-3. Liability of landowner.
Except as specifically recognized by or provided in § 32-6-5, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use that property for recreational purposes does not thereby:

(1) Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose;

(2) Confer upon that person the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed; nor

(3) Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to any person or property caused by an act of omission of that person.

§ 32-6-5. Limitation on chapter.
(a) Nothing in this chapter limits in any way any liability that, but for this chapter, otherwise exists:

(1) For the willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity after discovering the user's peril; or

(2) For any injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the person or persons who enter or go on the land for the recreational use thereof, except that in the case of land leased to the state or a subdivision thereof, any consideration received by the owner for that lease shall not be deemed a "charge" within the meaning of this section.

§ 32-6-6. Construction of chapter.
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to:

(1) Create a duty of care or ground of liability for an injury to persons or property;

(2) Relieve any person using the land of another for recreational purposes from any obligation that he or she may have in the absence of this chapter to exercise care in his or her use of that land and in his or her activities thereon, or from the legal consequences of the failure to employ that care; or

(3) Create a public or prescriptive right or easement running with the land.

(aviation activities)

http://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t27c003.php

TITLE 27 – PROPERTY AND CONVEYANCES

CHAPTER 3 Limitation on Liability of Landowners

SECTION § 27-3-10 see also 27-3-30, 40, 50, 60 and 70

SECTION 27-3-10. Declaration of purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to encourage owners of land to make land and water areas available to the public for recreational purposes by limiting their liability toward persons entering thereon for such purposes.

SECTION 27-3-20. Definitions.
As used in this chapter:
(a) "Aviation activities" means taking off, flying, or landing an airplane or aircraft. Aviation activities do not include airshows or any activity where the general public is invited.
(d) "Recreational purpose" includes, but is not limited to, any of the following, or any combination thereof: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, nature study, water skiing, summer and winter sports, aviation activities, and viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites.

SECTION 27-3-30. Duty of care.
Except as specifically recognized by or provided in Section 27-3-60, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by persons who have sought and obtained his permission to use it for recreational purposes or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on such premises to such persons entering for such purposes.

SECTION 27-3-40. Effect of permission to use property for recreational purposes.
Except as specifically recognized by or provided in Section 27-3-60, an owner of land who permits without charge any person having sought such permission to use such property for recreational purposes does not thereby:
(a) Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose.
(b) Confer upon such person the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed.
(c) Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by an act of omission of such persons.

SECTION 27-3-60. Certain liability not limited.
Nothing in this chapter limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists:
(a) For grossly negligent, willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity.
(b) For injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges persons who enter or go on the land for the recreational use thereof, except that in the case of land leased to the State or a subdivision thereof, any consideration received by the owner for such lease shall not be deemed a charge within the meaning of this section.

(aviation activity)

https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/Codified_Laws/2045506

TITLE 20 PERSONAL RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

CHAPTER 9 LIABILITY FOR TORTS

SECTION 12 THROUGH 18

SDCL § 20-9-12 Definition of terms

20-9-12.   Definition of terms. Terms used in §§ 20-9-12 to 20-9-18, inclusive, mean:

(3)      "Outdoor recreational purpose," includes any of the following activities, or any combination thereof: hunting, fishing, swimming other than in a swimming pool, boating, canoeing, camping, picnicking, hiking, biking, off-road driving, aviation activity, nature study, water skiing, winter sports, snowmobiling, viewing, or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites;

20-9-13.    Landowner not obligated to keep land safe for outdoor recreation or agritourism or to give warning--Exception.

Except as provided in § 20-9-16, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the land safe for entry or use by others for outdoor recreational purposes or agritourism activities, or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on the owner's land to persons entering for outdoor recreational purposes.

20-9-12.    Landowner liability for invitation to use property for outdoor recreation or agritourism--Exception.

Except as provided in § 20-9-16, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use the owner's property for outdoor recreational purposes or agritourism activities, including any person who is on the property pursuant to § 41-9-8, does not thereby:

(1)    Extend any assurance that the land is safe for any purpose;

(2)    Confer upon any person the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed; or

(3)    Assume responsibility for, or incur liability for, any injury to persons or property caused by an act of omission of the owner as to maintenance of the land.

20-9-16.    Landowner liability for gross negligence or injury suffered where consideration charged or law violated.

Nothing in §§ 20-9-12 to 20-9-18, inclusive, limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists:

(1)    For gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct of the owner;

(2)    For injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges any person who enters or goes on the land for the outdoor recreational use of the land or for agritourism activity, except that in the case of land leased to the state or a political subdivision of the state, any consideration received by the owner for the lease may not be deemed a charge within the meaning of this section nor may any incentive payment paid to the owner by the state or federal government to promote public access for outdoor recreational purposes or agritourism activities be considered a charge; or

(3)    For injury suffered in any case where the owner has violated a county or municipal ordinance or state law which violation is a proximate cause of the injury.

20-9-18.    Doctrine of attractive nuisance not affected.

Sections 20-9-12 to 20-9-18, inclusive, does not affect the doctrine of attractive nuisance or other legal doctrines relating to liability arising from artificial conditions highly dangerous to children.

(recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips)

http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/tncode/

TITLE 70 WILDLIFE RESOURCES
CHAPTER 7 LIABILITY FOR ACTIVITIES
PART 1  LIABILITY OF LANDOWNER TO PERSONS USING LAND

Tenn. Code Ann. § 70-7-101- THROUGH 105

See: SECTIONS 101 THROUGH 105

70-7-102. Landowner's duty of care.

(a) The landowner, lessee, occupant, or any person in control of land or premises owes no duty of care to keep such land or premises safe for entry or use by others for such recreational activities as hunting, fishing, trapping, camping, water sports, white water rafting, canoeing, hiking, sightseeing, animal riding, bird watching, dog training, boating, caving, fruit and vegetable picking for the participant's own use, nature and historical studies and research, rock climbing, skeet and trap shooting, sporting clays, shooting sports, and target shooting, including archery and shooting range activities, skiing, off-road vehicle riding, and cutting or removing wood for the participant's own use, nor shall such landowner be required to give any warning of hazardous conditions, uses of, structures, or activities on such land or premises to any person entering on such land or premises for such purposes, except as provided in §70-7-104.

(b) The landowner, lessee, occupant, or any person in control of land or premises owes no duty of care to keep such land or premises safe for entry or use by others for recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips except as to known hazards or defects and except as provided in § 70-7-104.

70-7-103. Effect of landowner's permission.

Any landowner, lessee, occupant, or any person in control of the land or premises or such person's agent who gives permission to another person to hunt, fish, trap, camp, engage in water sports, participate in white water rafting or canoeing, hike, sightsee, ride animals, bird watch, train dogs, boat, cave, pick fruit and vegetables for the participant's own benefit, engage in nature and historical studies and research, climb rocks, shoot skeet and trap, engage in sporting clays, shooting sports, and target shooting, including archery and shooting range activities, ski, ride off-road vehicles, recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips, and cut and remove wood for the participant's own use upon such land or premises does not by giving such permission:

(1) Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for such purpose;

(2) Constitute the person to whom permission has been granted to legal status of an invitee to whom a duty of care is owed; or

(3) Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to such person or purposely caused by any act of such person to whom permission has been granted except as provided in §70-7-104.

70-7-104. Conditions under which liability unaffected.

(a) This part does not limit the liability that otherwise exists for:

     (1) Gross negligence, willful or wanton conduct that results in a failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity; or

     (2) Injury caused by acts of persons to whom permission to hunt, fish, trap, camp, hike, sightsee, cave, recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips, or any other legal purpose was granted, to third persons or to persons to whom the person granting permission, or the landowner, lessee, occupant, or any person in control of the land or premises, owed a duty to keep the land or premises safe or to warn of danger.

(b) Subdivision (a)(1) shall not be construed to impose liability or remove the immunity conferred by §70-7-102 for failure to guard or warn of a dangerous condition created by forces of nature.

70-7-105. Waiver of landowner's duty of care.

Any person eighteen (18) years of age or older entering the land of another for the purpose of camping, fishing, hunting, sporting clays, shooting sports, and target shooting, including archery and shooting range activities, hiking, dog training, cutting or removing firewood, recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips, for such person's use for a consideration may waive, in writing, the landowner's duty of care to such person for injuries that arise from camping, fishing, hunting, sporting clays, shooting sports, and target shooting, including archery and shooting range activities, hiking, dog training, cutting or removing firewood, recreational noncommercial aircraft operations or recreational noncommercial ultra light vehicle operations on private airstrips for such person's use, if such waiver does not limit liability for gross negligence, or willful or wanton conduct, or for a failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity.

http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/DocViewer.aspx?DocKey=CP%2fCP.75&Phrases=liability&HighlightType=1&ExactPhrase=False&QueryText=liability

V.T.C.A., CIVIL PRACTICE & REMEDIES CODE

TITLE 4 CHAPTER § 75.001

For agricultural land see Sec. 75.004

§ 75.001. Definitions
(3) "Recreation" means an activity such as: (A) hunting; (B) fishing; (C) swimming; (D) boating; (E) camping; (F) picnicking; (G) hiking; (H) pleasure driving, including off road motorcycling and off road automobile driving and the use of all terrain vehicles and recreational off-highway vehicles; (I) nature study, including bird watching; (J) cave exploration; (K) waterskiing and other water sports; (L) any other activity associated with enjoying nature or the outdoors; (M) bicycling and mountain biking; (N) disc golf; or (O) on leash and off leash walking of dogs.

§ 75.002.

(a) An owner, lessee, or occupant of agricultural land:

     (1) does not owe a duty of care to a trespasser on the land; and

     (2) is not liable for any injury to a trespasser on the land, except for wilful or wanton acts or gross negligence by the owner, lessee, or other occupant of agricultural land.

(b) If an owner, lessee, or occupant of agricultural land gives permission to another or invites another to enter the premises for recreation, the owner, lessee, or occupant, by giving the permission, does not:

     (1) assure that the premises are safe for that purpose;

     (2) owe to the person to whom permission is granted or to whom the invitation is extended a greater degree of care than is owed to a trespasser on the premises; or

     (3) assume responsibility or incur liability for any injury to any individual or property caused by any act of the person to whom permission is granted or to whom the invitation is extended.

(c) If an owner, lessee, or occupant of real property other than agricultural land gives permission to another to enter the premises for recreation, the owner, lessee, or occupant, by giving the permission, does not:

     (1) assure that the premises are safe for that purpose;

     (2) owe to the person to whom permission is granted a greater degree of care than is owed to a trespasser on the premises; or

     (3) assume responsibility or incur liability for any injury to any individual or property caused by any act of the person to whom permission is granted.

     (d) Subsections (a), (b), and (c) shall not limit the liability of an owner, lessee, or occupant of real property who has been grossly negligent or has acted with malicious intent or in bad faith.

§ 75.003. APPLICATION AND EFFECT OF CHAPTER.

(a) This chapter does not relieve any owner, lessee, or occupant of real property of any liability that would otherwise exist for deliberate, wilful, or malicious injury to a person or to property.

(b) This chapter does not affect the doctrine of attractive nuisance, except:

     (1) as provided by Section 75.0022(g) or 75.0025(c); and

     (2) the doctrine of attractive nuisance may not be the basis for liability of an owner, lessee, or occupant of agricultural land for any injury to a trespasser over the age of 16 years.

(c) Except for a governmental unit, this chapter applies only to an owner, lessee, or occupant of real property who:

     (1) does not charge for entry to the premises;

     (2) charges for entry to the premises, but whose total charges collected in the previous calendar year for all recreational use of the entire premises of the owner, lessee, or occupant are not more than 20 times the total amount of ad valorem taxes imposed on the premises for the previous calendar year; or

     (3) has liability insurance coverage in effect on an act or omission described by Section 75.004(a) and in the amounts equal to or greater than those provided by that section.

(aircraft operations)

http://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title57/Chapter14/57-14-S102.html

TITLE 57 REAL ESTATE CHAPTER 14

PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTIONS 101 and 102 and

PART 2 SECTIONS 201 through 205

PART 1

57-14-101. Title -- Purpose

(1) This chapter is known as “Limitations on Landowner Liability.

(2) The purpose of this chapter is to limit the liability of public and private landowners toward a person entering the owner’s land as a trespasser or for recreational purposes, whether by permission or by operation of Title 73, Chapter 29, Public Waters Access Act.

57-14-102. Definitions.

As used in this chapter:

(6) “Recreational purpose” includes, but is not limited to, any of the following or any combination thereof:

Hunting; fishing; swimming; skiing; snowshoeing; camping; picnicking; hiking; studying nature; waterskiing; engaging in water sports; engaging in equestrian activities; using boats; mountain biking; riding narrow gauge rail cars on a narrow gauge track that does not exceed 24 inch gauge; using off- highway vehicles or recreational vehicles; viewing or enjoying historical, archeological, scenic or scientific sites; aircraft operations; and equestrian activity, skateboarding, skydiving, paragliding, hang gliding, roller skating, ice skating walking, running, jogging bike riding, or inline skating.

PART 2

57-14-201.  Owner owes no duty of care or duty to give warning -- Exceptions.

 Except as provided in Subsections 57-14-204(1) and (2), an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the land safe for entry or use by any person entering or using the land for any recreational purpose or to give warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity on the land.

57-14-202.  Use of private land without charge -- Effect.
Except as provided in Subsection 57-14-204(1), an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge, or for a nominal fee of no more than $1 per year, any person to use the owner's land for any recreational purpose, or an owner of a public access area open to public recreational access under Title 73, Chapter 29, Public Waters Access Act, does not:

(1) make any representation or extend any assurance that the land is safe for any purpose.

(2) confer upon the person the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed;

(3) assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to persons or property cause by an act or omission of the person or any other person who enters upon the land; or

(4) owe any duty to curtail the owner’s use of the land during its use for recreational purposes.

57-14-204. Limited Liability:

(1) Nothing in this part limits any liability that otherwise exists for:

     (a) willful or malicious failure to guard or war against a dangerous condition, use structure, or activity;

     (b) deliberate willful, or malicious injury t persons or property; or

     (c) an injury suffered where the owner of land charges a person to enter or go on the land or use the land for any recreational purpose.

See also 57-14-301.  Owner liability to trespasser.

(noncommercial aviation)

http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/vtstatutesconstctrules/

VERMONT STATUTES ANNOTATED

TITLE TWELVE.  COURT PROCEDURE
PART 9.  PARTICULAR PROCEEDINGS
CHAPTER 203.  LIMITATIONS ON LANDOWNER LIABILITY

§ 5791. Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to encourage owners to make their land and water available to the public for no consideration for recreational uses by clearly establishing a rule that an owner shall have no greater duty of care to a person who, without consideration, enters or goes upon the owner's land for a recreational use than the owner would have to a trespasser.

§ 5792 Definitions

(4) "Recreational use" means an activity undertaken for recreational, educational or conservation purposes, and includes hunting, fishing, trapping, guiding, camping, biking, in-line skating, jogging, skiing, snowboarding, swimming, diving, water sports, rock climbing, hang gliding, caving, boating, hiking, riding an animal or a vehicle, picking wild or cultivated plants, picnicking, gleaning, rock collecting, nature study, outdoor sports, noncommercial aviation, visiting or enjoying archeological, scenic, natural, or scientific sites, or other similar activities. "Recreational use" also means any noncommercial activity undertaken without consideration to create, protect, preserve, rehabilitate, or maintain the land for recreational uses

§ 5793. Liability limited

     (a) Land. -- An owner shall not be liable for property damage or personal injury sustained by a person who, without consideration, enters or goes upon the owner's land for a recreational use unless the damage or injury is the result of the willful or wanton misconduct of the owner.

     (b) Equipment, fixtures, machinery, or personal property.

(1) Unless the damage or injury is the result of the willful or wanton misconduct of the owner, an owner shall not be liable for property damage or personal injury sustained by a person who, without consideration and without actual permission of the owner, enters or goes upon the owner's land for a recreational use and proceeds to enter upon or use:

     (A) equipment, machinery, or personal property; or

     (B) structures or fixtures not described in subdivision 5792(2)(A)(iii) or (iv) of this title.

(2) Permission to enter or go upon an owner's land shall not, by itself, include permission to enter or go upon structures or to go upon or use equipment, fixtures, machinery, or personal property.

     (c) Posting. -- An owner may post a sign warning against dangers on the owner's land or water. An owner who posts a sign pursuant to this subsection shall not be liable for any damage or injury allegedly arising out of the posting unless the damage or injury is the result of the willful or wanton misconduct of the owner.

See also: § 5794. Landowner protection

(operate aircraft or ultralight vehicles of any type)

http://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title5.1/chapter1/section5.1-7.3/

CODE OF VIRGINIA

TITLE 5.1

CHAPTER 1. AIRCRAFT, AIRMEN AND AIRPORTS GENERALLY

ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Virginia Code § 5.1-7.3. DUTY OF CARE AND LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OF OWNERS OF PROVATE LANDING AREAS.

A. For the purposes of this section:

"Land" or "premises" means any privately owned area for landing any aircraft, that is not open to the general public, and that is registered with the Department and the Federal Aviation Administration pursuant to § 5.1-7.2.

B. A landowner shall not be liable for ordinary negligence related to conditions on his premises that proximately cause damage to property or injury to occupants of an aircraft or ultralight vehicle landing on or taking off from such premises, provided that no commercial operation is being conducted on or about the premises.

C. Any landowner who gives permission, express or implied, to another person to operate aircraft or ultralight vehicles of any type for the personal use of such person or for the use of an easement as set forth in subsection B does not thereby:

     1. Impliedly or expressly represent that the premises are safe for such purposes;

     2. Grant invitee status or its corresponding duty of care to the person to whom such permission has been granted; or

     3. Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any intentional or negligent acts of such person or any other person, except as provided in subsection D.

D. Nothing contained in this section shall limit the liability of a landowner that may otherwise arise or exist by reason of his gross negligence or willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity. The provisions of this section shall not limit the liability of a landowner that may otherwise arise or exist when the landowner receives a fee for use of the premises or to engage in any activity described in subsection B or C. Nothing contained in this section shall relieve any landowner who sponsors or conducts any event or competition of the duty to exercise ordinary care in such events.

(operation of airplanes, ultra-light airplanes, hang gliders, parachutes, and paragliders)

http://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=4.24.210

RCWA

TITLE 4 CHAPTER 4.24

SECTION 4.24.210

RCWA 4.24.210

LIABILITY OF OWNERS or others in possession of land and water areas for injuries to recreation users — Known dangerous artificial latent conditions — OTHER LIMITATIONS.

(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) or (4) of this section, any public or private landowners, hydroelectric project owners, or others in lawful possession and control of any lands whether designated resource, rural, or urban, or water areas or channels and lands adjacent to such areas or channels, who allow members of the public to use them for the purposes of outdoor recreation, which term includes, but is not limited to, the cutting, gathering, and removing of firewood by private persons for their personal use without purchasing the firewood from the landowner, hunting, fishing, camping, picnicking, swimming, hiking, bicycling, skateboarding or other nonmotorized wheel-based activities, aviation activities including, but not limited to, the operation of airplanes, ultra-light airplanes, hang gliders, parachutes, and paragliders, rock climbing, the riding of horses or other animals, clam digging, pleasure driving of off-road vehicles, snowmobiles, and other vehicles, boating, kayaking, canoeing, rafting, nature study, winter or water sports, viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic, or scientific sites, without charging a fee of any kind therefor, shall not be liable for unintentional injuries to such users.

(aircraft or ultralight operations on private airstrips or farms)

http://www.legis.state.wv.us/WVCODE/Code.cfm?chap=19&art=25#25

WEST VIRGINIA CODE

CHAPTER 19. AGRICULTURE

ARTICLE 25. LIMITING LIABILITY OF LANDOWNERS.

§19-25-1. Purpose.

The purpose of this article is to encourage owners of land to make available to the public land and water areas for military, law-enforcement or homeland-defense training or recreational or wildlife propagation purposes by limiting their liability for injury to persons entering thereon and for injury to the property of persons entering thereon and limiting their liability to persons who may be injured or otherwise damaged by the acts or omissions of persons entering thereon.

§19-25-2. Limiting duty of landowner generally.

Subject to the provisions of section four of this article, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for recreational or wildlife propagation purposes, or to give any warning of a dangerous or hazardous condition, use, structure or activity on such premises to persons entering for such purposes.

Subject to the provisions of section four of this article, an owner of land who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge as that term is defined in section five of this article, any person to use such property for recreational or wildlife propagation purposes does not thereby: (a) Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose; or (b) confer upon such persons the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed; or (c) assume responsibility for or incur liability for any injury to person or property caused by an act or omission of such persons.

§19-25-4. Application of article.

Nothing herein limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists: (a) For deliberate, willful or malicious infliction of injury to persons or property; or (b) for injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the person or persons who enter or go on the land other than the amount, if any, paid to the owner of the land by the federal government or any agency thereof, the state or any agency thereof, or any county or municipality or agency thereof.

Nothing herein creates a duty of care or ground of liability for injury to person or property.

Nothing herein limits in any way the obligation of a person entering upon or using the land of another for recreational or wildlife propagation purposes to exercise due care in his or her use of such land and in his or her activities thereon.

§19-25-5. Definitions.

Unless the context used clearly requires a different meaning, as used in this article:

"Recreational purposes" includes, but is not limited to, any one or any combination of the following noncommercial recreational activities: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, motorcycle or all-terrain vehicle riding, bicycling, horseback riding, spelunking, nature study, water skiing, winter sports and visiting, viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic or scientific sites, aircraft or ultralight operations on private airstrips or farms or otherwise using land for purposes of the user;

See also: §19-25-6. Limiting duty of landowner for use of land for military, law-enforcement or homeland-security purposes.

(recreational aviation, ballooning, hang gliding)

https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/895/ii/52

WISCONSIN STATUES ANNOTATED

W.S.A. 895.52

§ 895.52. Recreational activities; limitation of property owners' liability

(1)  Definitions. In this section:

     (g) “Recreational activity" means any outdoor activity undertaken for the purpose of exercise, relaxation or pleasure, including practice or instruction in any such activity. “Recreational activity" includes hunting, fishing, trapping, camping, picnicking, exploring caves, nature study, bicycling, horseback riding, bird-watching, motorcycling, operating an all-terrain vehicle or utility terrain vehicle, operating a vehicle, as defined in s. 340.01 (74), on a road designated under s. 23.115, recreational aviation, ballooning, hang gliding, hiking, tobogganing, sledding, sleigh riding, snowmobiling, skiing, skating, water sports, sight-seeing, rock-climbing, cutting or removing wood, climbing observation towers, animal training, harvesting the products of nature, participating in an agricultural tourism activity, sport shooting and any other outdoor sport, game or educational activity. “Recreational activity" does not include any organized team sport activity sponsored by the owner of the property on which the activity takes place.

     (h) “Recreational aviation" means the use of an aircraft, other than to provide transportation to persons or property for compensation or hire, upon privately owned land. For purposes of this definition, “privately owned land" does not include a public-use airport, as defined in s. 114.002 (18m).

(2)  No duty; immunity from liability.

(a) Except as provided in subs. (3) to (6), no owner and no officer, employee or agent of an owner owes to any person who enters the owner's property to engage in a recreational activity:

     1. A duty to keep the property safe for recreational activities.

     2. A duty to inspect the property, except as provided under s. 23.115 (2).

     3. A duty to give warning of an unsafe condition, use or activity on the property.

(b) Except as provided in subs. (3) to (6), no owner and no officer, employee or agent of an owner is liable for the death of, any injury to, or any death or injury caused by, a person engaging in a recreational activity on the owner's property or for any death or injury resulting from an attack by a wild animal.

(5)  Liability; property of nonprofit organizations. 

Subsection (2) does not limit the liability of a nonprofit organization or any of its officers, employees or agents for a death or injury caused by a malicious act or a malicious failure to warn against an unsafe condition of which an officer, employee or agent of the nonprofit organization knew, which occurs on property of which the nonprofit organization is the owner.

(6)  Liability; private property.

Subsection (2) does not limit the liability of a private property owner or of an employee or agent of a private property owner whose property is used for a recreational activity if any of the following conditions exist:

     (a) The private property owner collects money, goods or services in payment for the use of the owner's property for the recreational activity during which the death or injury occurs, and the aggregate value of all payments received by the owner for the use of the owner's property for recreational activities during the year in which the death or injury occurs exceeds $2,000. The following do not constitute payment to a private property owner for the use of his or her property for a recreational activity:

          1. A gift of wild animals or any other product resulting from the recreational activity.

          2. An indirect nonpecuniary benefit to the private property owner or to the property that results from the recreational activity.

          3. A donation of money, goods or services made for the management and conservation of the resources on the property.

          4. A payment of not more than $5 per person per day for permission to gather any product of nature on an owner's property.

          5. A payment received from a governmental body.

          6. A payment received from a nonprofit organization for a recreational agreement.

          7. A payment made to purchase products or goods offered for sale on the property.

     (b) The death or injury is caused by the malicious failure of the private property owner or an employee or agent of the private property owner to warn against an unsafe condition on the property, of which the private property owner knew.

     (c) The death or injury is caused by a malicious act of the private property owner or of an employee or agent of a private property owner.

     (d) The death or injury occurs on property owned by a private property owner to a social guest who has been expressly and individually invited by the private property owner for the specific occasion during which the death or injury occurs, if the death or injury occurs on any of the following:

          1. Platted land.

          2. Residential property.

          3. Property within 300 feet of a building or structure on land that is classified as commercial or manufacturing under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 2. or 3.

     (e) The death or injury is sustained by an employee of a private property owner acting within the scope of his or her duties.

(7)  No duty or liability created. Except as expressly provided in this section, nothing in this section, s. 101.11, or s. 895.529 nor the common law attractive nuisance doctrine creates any duty of care or ground of liability toward any person who uses another's property for a recreational activity.

(noncommercial aviation activities)

http://legisweb.state.wy.us/LSOWEB/wyStatutes.aspx

WYOMING STATUTES ANNOTATED

TITLE 34 PROPERTY, CONVEYANCES AND SECURITY TRANSACTIONS.  

CHAPTER 19 LIABILITY OF OWNERS OF LAND
ARTICLE 1.  LIABILITY OF OWNERS OF LAND USED FOR RECREATION PURPOSES

§ 34-19-101 through 107

Wyo. Stat. § 34-19-101 Definitions
(iii) "Recreational purpose" includes, but is not limited to, any one (1) or more of the following: hunting, fishing, swimming, boating, camping, picnicking, hiking, pleasure driving, nature study, water skiing, winter sports, bicycling, mountain biking, horseback riding, and other equine as defined in W.S. 1-1-122(a)(iv), noncommercial aviation activities and viewing or enjoying historical, archaeological, scenic or scientific sites;

§ 34-19-102. Landowner's duty of care or duty to give warnings.

Except as specifically recognized by or provided in W.S. 34-19-105, an owner of land owes no duty of care to keep the premises safe for entry or use by others for recreational purposes, or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity on such premises to persons entering for recreational purposes.

§ 34-19-103. Limitations on landowner’s liability.

(a) Except as specifically recognized by or provided in W.S. 34-19-105, an owner of land, including a lessee of state land, who either directly or indirectly invites or permits without charge any person to use the land for recreational purposes does not thereby:

     (i) Extend any assurance that the premises are safe for any purpose;

     (ii) Confer upon the person using the land the legal status of an invitee or licensee to whom a duty of care is owed;

     (iii) Assume responsibility for or incur liability for any damage or injury to person or property, including to a third party, whether or not on the property, caused by an act or omission of the person using the land.

§ 34-19-105. When landowner's liability not limited.

(a) Nothing in this act limits in any way any liability which otherwise exists:

     (i) For willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity, except an owner whose land is adjacent to a national scenic trail designated by the United States congress and who has conveyed an easement across his lands for purposes of a designated national scenic trail shall owe no duty of care to keep the adjacent lands safe or to give any warning of a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity on the adjacent lands. The installation of a sign, other form of warning or modification made to improve safety shall not create liability on the part of an owner of the adjacent land if there is no other basis for liability;

     (ii) For injury suffered in any case where the owner of land charges the persons who enter or go on the land for recreational purposes, except that in the case of land leased to the state or a subdivision of this state, any consideration received by the owner for the lease shall not be deemed a charge within the meaning of this section;

     (iii) Under W.S. 1-39-107.

§ 34-19-106. Duty of care, not created; duty of care of persons using land.

(a) Nothing in this act shall be construed to:

     (i) Create a duty of care or ground of liability for injury to persons or property;

     (ii) Relieve any person using the land of another for recreational purposes from any obligation which he may have in the absence of this act to exercise care in his use of the land and in his activities on the land, or from the legal consequences of failure to employ such care.

§ 34-19-107. User liability for damages.

Any person using the land of another for recreational purposes, with or without permission, shall assume the inherent risk of using the land for recreational purposes and shall be liable for any damage or injury to property, livestock or crops or to a third party, whether or not on the property, caused by the person while on the property.

See also: Article 2. Liability of Landowners to Trespassers (§§ 34-19-201 — 34-19-204)